Brown the beef: Heat 1 tablespoon olive oil in a large pot over medium-high heat. Add the beef and cook until browned on all sides, about 5 minutes. Remove the beef from the pot and set it aside.
Cook the vegetables: Reduce the heat to medium and add the chopped onions, garlic, carrots, celery, and turnips to the pot. Cook until the vegetables are tender, about 10 minutes.
Add the barley and broth: Add the pearl barley, chicken broth, salt, black pepper, and thyme to the pot. Stir to combine.
Return the beef to the pot: Add the browned beef back to the pot and bring the mixture to a boil.
Simmer the soup: Reduce the heat to low and simmer the soup, covered, for 1-2 hours, or until the beef is tender and the barley is cooked.
Stir in Worcestershire sauce: Stir in the Worcestershire sauce and continue to simmer for an additional 10 minutes.
Serve: Serve the soup hot, garnished with fresh herbs if desired.